![[BC::Labs]](image/bc_logo.png "[BC::Labs]"){kind=logo}
DE0-Nano/Nios II uClinux †terasic社製FPGAボード DE0-NanoへNios II uCLinuxを導入する手順について記載します。  導入手順、動作確認は以下のURLを元に行います。
Nios II版uClinuxビルド環境 †VMware上に以下の構成でビルド環境構築を行います。
VMwareのディスク容量は30GBを設定しています、Nios II uClinuxプロジェクトの Ubuntuの環境設定 †Ubuntu 12.04.2 Desktop(32bit版)をVMware上にインストールし、 $ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get upgrade
$ sudo apt-get install ssh
$ sudo apt-get install build-essential vim
$ sudo apt-get install automake git-core libncurses5-dev bison flex gawk
$ sudo apt-get install gettext ccache zlib1g-dev libx11-dev texinfo \
liblzo2-dev pax-utils uboot-mkimage corkscrew mtd-utils subversion
標準shellをdashからbashへ変更します。 $ sudo dpkg-reconfigure dash Nios II uClinux用ファイル取得と設定 †Nios II uClinuxのプロジェクトをチェックアウトします。 $ cd ~ $ svn co http://www.ccm.ece.vt.edu/usvn/svn/alteraApps/trunk/uClinux/ --username=anonymous --password=anonymous
$ cd uClinux/tools/
$ tar xvfj nios2gcc-20080203.tar.bz2
$ vi ~/.bashrc
...<略>
PATH=$PATH:${HOME}/uClinux/tools/opt/nios2/bin
$ source ~/.bashrc
DE0-Nanoのプロジェクトファイル(simple.zip)を解凍します。 $ cd uClinux/hardware/DE0-Nano $ unzip simple.zip uClinux/distro/内にあるnios2-linux-20090929.tarを展開します。 $ cd ~/uClinux/distro/ $ tar xvf nios2-linux-20090929.tar 展開後のディレクトリ構成は以下のとおりです $ ls nios2-linux 3c120_default elf2flt linux-2.6 u-boot use_git_for_update README gcc3 sshkey uClibc use_http_for_update binutils glibc toolchain-build uClinux-dist use_ssh443_for_update checkout insight toolchain-mmu update nios2-linuxに移動しcheckoutスクリプトを実行し該当ディレクトリのチェックアウトを行います。 $ cd nios2-linux $ ./checkout $ cd linux-2.6 $ git branch -a * nios2mmu test-nios2 remotes/origin/HEAD -> origin/test-nios2 remotes/origin/master remotes/origin/nios2mmu remotes/origin/test-lm32 remotes/origin/test-nios2 remotes/origin/unstable remotes/origin/unstable-nios2mmu $ git checkout test-nios2 $ cd ../uClinux-dist $ git branch -a test-nios2 * trunk remotes/origin/HEAD -> origin/test-nios2 remotes/origin/test-nios2 remotes/origin/trunk remotes/origin/unstable $ git checkout test-nios2 注：Altera Wiki/Install Nios II Linuxに記載のあるnios2-linux-20090929.tar以降の Nios II uClinux zImage作成 †uClinux-distディレクトリ内でmake menuconfig コマンドを実行しDE0-Nano用の $ make menuconfig
Vendor/Product Selection --->
--- Select the Vendor you wish to target
Vendor (Altera) --->
--- Select the Product you wish to target
Altera Products (nios2) --->
Kernel/Library/Defaults Selection --->
--- Kernel is linux-2.6.x
Libc Version (None) --->
[ ] Default all settings (lose changes)
[ ] Customize Kernel Settings
[ ] Customize Application/Library Settings
[ ] Update Default Vendor Settings
$ make vendor_hwselect SYSPTF=/home/beat/uClinux/hardware/DE0-Nano/simple/DE0_Nano_SOPC.ptf
...<略>
scripts/kconfig/conf -s arch/nios2/Kconfig
no emulation specific options.
RUNNING hwselect
--- Please select which CPU you wish to build the kernel against:
(1) cpu - Class: altera_nios2 Type: f Version: 7.08101
Selection:
Invalid response, please try again.
Selection: 1
--- Please select a device to execute kernel from:
(1) sdram
Class: altera_avalon_new_sdram_controller
Size: 33554432 bytes
Selection: 1
...<略>
$ make
$ ls images
romfs-inst.log zImage
Quartus II, Nios II EDSの導入 †Quartus II 11.1sp2 Web Edition (Linux版)をAltera社ダウンロードページ内の $ chmod +x 11.0sp1_quartus_free_linux.sh $ ./11.0sp1_quartus_free_linux.sh Quartus II、Nios II EDSのパスを追加します。 $ export PATH=$PATH:/home/beat/altera/11.1sp2/quartus/bin $ export PATH=$PATH:/home/beat/altera/11.1sp2/nios2eds/bin $ export PATH=$PATH:/home/beat/altera/11.1sp2/quartus/sopc_builder/bin $ export PATH=$PATH:/home/beat/altera/11.1sp2/nios2eds/bin/gnu/H-i686-pc-linux-gnu/bin コンフィグレーションファイル作成 †DE0-Nanoコンフィグレーションファイル(DE0_Nano.sof)を作成します。 $ quartus SOPC Builder(QuartusIIメニューバー Tools -> SOPC Builder)を起動します USB-Blasterインストール †ホストマシンからDE0-Nanoのコンフィグレーション、イメージ投入を行うためUSB-Blasterの設定をします。 $ lsusb
...<略>
Bus 002 Device 008: ID 09fb:6001 Altera Blaster
$ sudo vi /etc/udev/rules.d/51-usbblaster.rules
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ENV{DEVTYPE}=="usb_device", ATTR{idVendor}=="09fb",
ATTR{idProduct}=="6001", MODE="0666",
NAME="bus/usb/$env{BUSNUM}/$env{DEVNUM}", RUN+="/bin/chmod 0666 %c"
$ sudo udevadm control --reload-rules
Nios II uClinuxの起動 †Nios II uClinux起動のため、環境変数設定スクリプトnios2_command_shell.shを実行します。 $ cd altera/11.1sp2/nios2eds/
$ ./nios2_command_shell.sh
$ nios2-configure-sof ~/uClinux/hardware/DE0-Nano/simple/DE0_Nano.sof
/home/beat/altera/11.1sp2/quartus/adm/qenv.sh: line 87: warning: setlocale:
LC_CTYPE: cannot change locale (en_US): No such file or directory
Info: *******************************************************************
Info: Running Quartus II 32-bit Programmer
Info: Command: quartus_pgm --no_banner --mode=jtag -o p;/home/beat/uClinux /hardware/DE0-Nano/simple/DE0_Nano.sof
Info (213045): Using programming cable "USB-Blaster [2-2.1]"
Info (213011): Using programming file /home/beat/uClinux/hardware/DE0-Nano/simple/DE0_Nano.sof with checksum 0x003F2B7E for device EP4CE22F17@1
Info (209060): Started Programmer operation at Wed Mar 6 20:45:12 2013
Info (209016): Configuring device index 1
Info (209017): Device 1 contains JTAG ID code 0x020F30DD
Info (209007): Configuration succeeded -- 1 device(s) configured
Info (209011): Successfully performed operation(s)
Info (209061): Ended Programmer operation at Wed Mar 6 20:45:13 2013
Info: Quartus II 32-bit Programmer was successful. 0 errors, 0 warnings
Info: Peak virtual memory: 104 megabytes
Info: Processing ended: Wed Mar 6 20:45:13 2013
Info: Elapsed time: 00:00:05
Info: Total CPU time (on all processors): 00:00:01
$ ./altera/11.1sp2/nios2eds/nios2_command_shell.sh
------------------------------------------------
Altera Nios2 Command Shell [GCC 4]
Version 11.1sp2, Build 259
------------------------------------------------
$ nios2-download -g ~/uClinux/distro/nios2-linux/uClinux-dist/images/zImage
Using cable "USB-Blaster [2-2.1]", device 1, instance 0x00
Pausing target processor: OK
Initializing CPU cache (if present)
OK
Downloaded 1349KB in 343.0s (3.9KB/s)
Verified OK in 3.4s (396.7KB/s)
Starting processor at address 0x02500000
$ nios2-terminal
nios2-terminal: connected to hardware target using JTAG UART on cable
nios2-terminal: "USB-Blaster [2-2.1]", device 1, instance 0
nios2-terminal: (Use the IDE stop button or Ctrl-C to terminate)
Uncompressing Linux... Ok, booting the kernel.
Linux version 2.6.30 (beat@DE0NanoVM) (gcc version 3.4.6) #2 PREEMPT Wed Mar 6 15:44:48 JST 2013
uClinux/Nios II
Built 1 zonelists in Zone order, mobility grouping off. Total pages: 8128
Kernel command line:
NR_IRQS:32
PID hash table entries: 128 (order: 7, 512 bytes)
Dentry cache hash table entries: 4096 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)
Inode-cache hash table entries: 2048 (order: 1, 8192 bytes)
Memory available: 29976k/2492k RAM, 0k/0k ROM (1669k kernel code, 823k data)
Calibrating delay loop... 49.04 BogoMIPS (lpj=245248)
Mount-cache hash table entries: 512
net_namespace: 264 bytes
NET: Registered protocol family 16
init_BSP(): registering device resources
bio: create slab <bio-0> at 0
NET: Registered protocol family 2
IP route cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)
TCP established hash table entries: 1024 (order: 1, 8192 bytes)
TCP bind hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)
TCP: Hash tables configured (established 1024 bind 1024)
TCP reno registered
NET: Registered protocol family 1
io scheduler noop registered
io scheduler deadline registered (default)
ttyJ0 at MMIO 0x4001030 (irq = 1) is a Altera JTAG UART
console [ttyJ0] enabled
dm9000 Ethernet Driver, V1.31
TCP cubic registered
NET: Registered protocol family 17
RPC: Registered udp transport module.
RPC: Registered tcp transport module.
Freeing unused kernel memory: 596k freed (0x21da000 - 0x226e000)
Shell invoked to run file: /etc/rc
Command: hostname uClinux
Command: mount -t proc proc /proc -o noexec,nosuid,nodev
Command: mount -t sysfs sysfs /sys -o noexec,nosuid,nodev
Command: mount -t devpts devpts /dev/pts -o noexec,nosuid
Command: mount -t usbfs none /proc/bus/usb
mount: mounting none on /proc/bus/usb failed: No such file or directory
Command: mkdir /var/tmp
Command: mkdir /var/log
Command: mkdir /var/run
Command: mkdir /var/lock
Command: mkdir /var/empty
Command: ifconfig lo 127.0.0.1
Command: route add -net 127.0.0.0 netmask 255.0.0.0 lo
Command: cat /etc/motd
Welcome to
____ _ _
/ __| ||_|
_ _| | | | _ ____ _ _ _ _
| | | | | | || | _ \| | | |\ \/ /
| |_| | |__| || | | | | |_| |/ \
| ___\____|_||_|_| |_|\____|\_/\_/
| |
|_|
For further information check:
http://www.uclinux.org/
Execution Finished, Exiting
Sash command shell (version 1.1.1)
/>
/> cat /proc/cpuinfo
CPU: NIOS2
MMU: none
FPU: none
Clocking: 100.0MHz
BogoMips: 49.04
Calibration: 24524800 loops
/> cat /proc/meminfo
MemTotal: 30572 kB
MemFree: 28880 kB
Buffers: 0 kB
Cached: 780 kB
SwapCached: 0 kB
Active: 192 kB
Inactive: 536 kB
Active(anon): 0 kB
Inactive(anon): 0 kB
Active(file): 192 kB
Inactive(file): 536 kB
Unevictable: 0 kB
Mlocked: 0 kB
MmapCopy: 244 kB
SwapTotal: 0 kB
SwapFree: 0 kB
Dirty: 0 kB
Writeback: 0 kB
AnonPages: 0 kB
Mapped: 0 kB
Slab: 508 kB
SReclaimable: 160 kB
SUnreclaim: 348 kB
PageTables: 0 kB
NFS_Unstable: 0 kB
Bounce: 0 kB
WritebackTmp: 0 kB
CommitLimit: 15284 kB
Committed_AS: 0 kB
VmallocTotal: 0 kB
VmallocUsed: 0 kB
VmallocChunk: 0 kB
/> dmesg
Linux version 2.6.30 (beat@DE0NanoVM) (gcc version 3.4.6) #2 PREEMPT Wed Mar 6 15:44:48 JST 2013
uClinux/Nios II
On node 0 totalpages: 8192
free_area_init_node: node 0, pgdat 021d6a60, node_mem_map 02274000
DMA zone: 64 pages used for memmap
DMA zone: 0 pages reserved
DMA zone: 8128 pages, LIFO batch:0
Built 1 zonelists in Zone order, mobility grouping off. Total pages: 8128
Kernel command line:
NR_IRQS:32
PID hash table entries: 128 (order: 7, 512 bytes)
Dentry cache hash table entries: 4096 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)
Inode-cache hash table entries: 2048 (order: 1, 8192 bytes)
Memory available: 29976k/2492k RAM, 0k/0k ROM (1669k kernel code, 823k data)
Calibrating delay loop... 49.04 BogoMIPS (lpj=245248)
Mount-cache hash table entries: 512
net_namespace: 264 bytes
NET: Registered protocol family 16
init_BSP(): registering device resources
bio: create slab <bio-0> at 0
NET: Registered protocol family 2
IP route cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)
TCP established hash table entries: 1024 (order: 1, 8192 bytes)
TCP bind hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)
TCP: Hash tables configured (established 1024 bind 1024)
TCP reno registered
NET: Registered protocol family 1
io scheduler noop registered
io scheduler deadline registered (default)
ttyJ0 at MMIO 0x4001030 (irq = 1) is a Altera JTAG UART
console [ttyJ0] enabled
dm9000 Ethernet Driver, V1.31
TCP cubic registered
NET: Registered protocol family 17
RPC: Registered udp transport module.
RPC: Registered tcp transport module.
Freeing unused kernel memory: 596k freed (0x21da000 - 0x226e000)
/> ifconfig -a
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)
/> ls -l /bin
-rwxr-xr-x 1 1000 1000 146884 Mar 5 2013 boa
-rwxr-xr-x 1 1000 1000 119578 Mar 5 2013 busybox
lrwxrwxrwx 1 1000 1000 7 Mar 5 2013 cp
lrwxrwxrwx 1 1000 1000 7 Mar 5 2013 dd
-rwxr-xr-x 1 1000 1000 52289 Mar 5 2013 dhcpcd
lrwxrwxrwx 1 1000 1000 7 Mar 5 2013 dmesg
-rwxr-xr-x 1 1000 1000 67414 Mar 5 2013 ftp
-rwxr-xr-x 1 1000 1000 67272 Mar 5 2013 ftpd
-rwxr-xr-x 1 1000 1000 24082 Mar 5 2013 inetd
-rwxr-xr-x 1 1000 1000 20892 Mar 5 2013 init
lrwxrwxrwx 1 1000 1000 7 Mar 5 2013 login
lrwxrwxrwx 1 1000 1000 7 Mar 5 2013 mount
lrwxrwxrwx 1 1000 1000 7 Mar 5 2013 netstat
lrwxrwxrwx 1 1000 1000 7 Mar 5 2013 ping
lrwxrwxrwx 1 1000 1000 7 Mar 5 2013 rm
-rwxr-xr-x 1 1000 1000 49587 Mar 5 2013 sh
-rwxr-xr-x 1 1000 1000 30050 Mar 5 2013 telnetd
/> ls -l /sbin
lrwxrwxrwx 1 1000 1000 14 Mar 5 2013 ifconfig
lrwxrwxrwx 1 1000 1000 14 Mar 5 2013 insmod
lrwxrwxrwx 1 1000 1000 14 Mar 5 2013 lsmod
lrwxrwxrwx 1 1000 1000 14 Mar 5 2013 modprobe
lrwxrwxrwx 1 1000 1000 14 Mar 5 2013 rmmod
lrwxrwxrwx 1 1000 1000 14 Mar 5 2013 route
/> ls -l /usr/bin
lrwxrwxrwx 1 1000 1000 17 Mar 5 2013 passwd
lrwxrwxrwx 1 1000 1000 17 Mar 5 2013 wget
/> ls -l /usr/sbin
/> busybox --help
BusyBox v1.15.0.svn (2013-03-06 15:43:22 JST) multi-call binary
Copyright (C) 1998-2008 Erik Andersen, Rob Landley, Denys Vlasenko
and others. Licensed under GPLv2.
See source distribution for full notice.
Usage: busybox [function] [arguments]...
or: function [arguments]...
BusyBox is a multi-call binary that combines many common Unix
utilities into a single executable. Most people will create a
link to busybox for each function they wish to use and BusyBox
will act like whatever it was invoked as!
Currently defined functions:
cp, dd, dmesg, ifconfig, insmod, login, lsmod, modprobe, mount,
netstat, passwd, ping, rm, rmmod, route, wget
/>
Tips †Quartus II web edition の Windows7 64bit へのインストールは以下のURLを参考にしてください
またWindows7 へインストールした場合、JTAG server が動かず DE0-Nanoなど
参考文献 †小林 優 (2011)『FPGAボードで学ぶ組込みシステム開発入門[Altera編]』技術評論社 383pp. |
DE0Nano.jpg